Abstract of Special Research Report (RR-29)
National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan
Quantification of Sigularity by Using Expextation Probability and an Example in Pursuit Tracking Task (1st report)
RR-29-1 |
Kiyoshi FUKAYA, Noboru SUGIMOTO and Taiji KONDO |
: The method of quantifying the singularity of phenomena or events such as emergency were discussed. The singular event is defined as "The event which surprises man" and the singularity is evaluated by the "surprisal" which the event gives to the man. The largeness of "surprisal" (S for short) is the function of the following three factor. |
Accident Prevention on Walkways and Stairways (Third Repoet) --Psychological Assessment to Stair Dimensions--
RR-29-2 |
Hisao NAGATA |
: The previous report: an experimental study of human motion on stairs, was carried out based on the statistical research on stair accidents, and then the characteristics of the following fundamental factors of stair accidents, that is, slipping, stumbling and miss-footing came to light. But no distinct relations between dimensions of tread and rise with those fundamental factors of stair accidents could be shown, because human motion changes on stairs to various stair dimensions, were smaller than individual differences and variations of walking speed. |
Composition Limits of Detonability in Fuel-Air Mixtures
RR-29-3 |
Hidenori MATSUI |
: On the view point of prevention of accidental explosions, it is important to clarify the criteria of propagation of a detonation wave in fuel-air mixtures. These-criteria are called limits of detonability such as limit of composition, limit of tube diameter and limit .of initial pressure. These three limits are related each other. One of the fundamental properties of an explosive gas mixture is the composition limit of detonability at atmospheric pressure in a certain tube diameter. It is known that the composition limits obtained experimentally are strongly influenced by initiation methods and the size of the testing vessels. At the present time no standard operational definition for the detonability limits based on. experiments has been established. |