JNIOSH

Abstract of Special Research Report (RR-13)

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan

Anthropometic Mesurements of Crane Operators

RR-13-1
Z.Saito, T.Kondo, M.Ohkawa

Using a Workplace Measuring Device, Hand Measuring Device, Foot Mesuring Device, Grip Measuring Device and Grasp Measuring Device which developed to obtain the antaropometic data, static positions of crane operators were measred as follows:

  1. Body soze data for 40 measurements of 48 men's crane operator for use by the human factors engineer of crane. The data include number of subjects, mean standard deviation(σ), ± 3σ, variation, regression equation and selected percentile point from the first to the ninety-ninth for total group and age-subgroup.
  2. The maximam arm working area which could be attained by crane operator without altering his sitting posture. The boundaries of the area for operation of manual contorols were presented by segment of the sherrl of an ellipse.

The infotmation has been recorded on IBM punch cards.

Research on the Effeciency of Strut in Retaining of Excavation surface

RR-13-2
Y.Mori, M.Kunimori

Generally lengthwise and crosswise struts are disposed like a latticework, to retain excavation surfaces of a building foundation which has a laege area.
In this case it can be considered that each strut is a continuous column with manu intermediate supporting points, and that the bucking strength is nearly equal to that of a three-spanned continuous column.
When the continuous column has a joint which is not enough rigid, we presume that the buckling strength decrease with the existence of joint.
Now we dedignate the ratio of the bucking strength of a column with a joint to one without a joint as the "efficiency of joint."
In order to make clear the efficiency of joint, the theoretical analysis in the case of hinged joint and the model tests in the case of "butt joint with end plate", which is commonly used in an actual strut, were carried out concerning three spanned continuous column with a joint in the middle span.
According to the results, the efficiency of joint can be approximately expressed as tha equation
β = 1 - m sin k π
, where β is the effeciency of joint,
k is the ratio of the distance between the supporting point and the joint to the span length,
m is the coefficient effected by joint rigidity,
m = 0.672 in the case of hinged joint,
m = 0.329 in the cace of "butt joint with end plate",
and naturally m = 0 in the case of no joint.
Concerning another tioe of joint, the coefficient m is to be between 0.672 and 0, but the exact information seemd to need more studies.

Research on the Buckling Strength of Tube Shore under various End conditions

RR-13-3
Y.Mori, M.Kunimori

It is well-known that the buckling strength of a long column like a shoring post,which bears concrete form works, remarkably varies with rotational restraint at its ends.
In order to make clear the degree of rotational restraint under various end conditions, and to decide the standard method of buckling test and the allowable bearing capacity in actual use, we carried out the buckling tests of tube shores conformed the Japanese Industrial Standards "JIS A 8651" under the following end conditions;

  • (a) Both ends on rigid and flat planes.
  • (b) One end on a timber, the other on a rigid and flat plane.
  • (c) One end on a Knife-edge, the other on a rigid and flat plane.
  • (d) Both ends on timbers.
  • (e) Both ends on knife-edges.
According to the ersults, the buckling strength of tested shores turn to lower in order from the condition (a) to the condition (e), and the buckling strength under the condition (a) amounts to 2.76 times of one under condition(e).
The results also show that the strength of tested shores have laeger deviations except condition(e).
Therefore it is recommnended that the standard buckling test is carried out under the condition of both ends on knife-edges. The buckling strength under the conditions (b) and (d), which seem to be near upon actual using conditions, are respectively 2.02 times and 1.49 times of one under the condition (e), but we presume that it is proper to estimate the buckling strength under actual using conditions as respectively 1.8 times and 1.2 times of one under the condition (e), because actual using cinditions are worse than the conditions under which these tests were carried out.
The allowable bearing capacities are to be decided by more consideration regarding the safety factor.

Mesurement of the Slipperiness of Walkway Surfaces (2nd Report)

RR-13-4
H.Uno, K.Kinoshita

Causes of accidents by slipping on floor are subject to the influence of the nature of floor finishing materials and the condition of maintenance of floor being used in practice, and therefor we have researched the resistance value of slipperiness, the grade of slipperiness of floor, and lately we mesured the slipperiness of various floors by using the impact type testing instrument.
In the 2nd report, we detailed the results of the inquiry but there are some following problems about measurement on appling it to the finished floors; the weight of it, method of level adjustment, influence on the resistance value U by the metallic test heel attached to it, and difference of resistance value among impact type testing instruments.

Mesurement of the Slipperiness of Walkway Surfaces (3rd Report)

RR-13-5
H.Uno, K.Kinoshit

Checkered-plates are used at various places, especialy at passages in workshops, decks of vehicles, treads of stairs and others. It is necessary to inquire into the efficiency of the antislipperiness of checkered-plates from the point of view of safety, so we had a series of test for the following purposes; (1) comparison among the efficiency of the antislipperiness of various plates, (2) study of safty slope of the floor of them, (3) to pick out the most suitable shoes.

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